HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT TO ENHANCE COMPETITIVE SKILL OF UNIVERSITY ESPORTS ATHLETES

Abstract

Esports, or electronic sports, has rapidly gained global recognition and has been incorporated into major multi-sport events, reflecting a transformation in the sports landscape. Despite its growth, the Thai esports industry faces challenges related to social acceptance and concerns regarding youth gaming behavior. This study investigates the role of human capital management (HCM) in developing the competitive skills of university-level esports athletes, particularly in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games. Using a literature-based approach, the study examines HCM processes including planning, job analysis, recruitment and retention, selection, training and development, performance management, compensation, and pay-for-performance systems. These processes are linked to skill development frameworks, including Deliberate Practice, Mental Models, Flow State, Macro/Micromanagement, and Psychological Resilience. Findings indicate that systematic HCM practices enhance athletes’ technical proficiency, strategic understanding, mental readiness, and adaptability. The integration of structured training, psychological support, and strategic resource allocation creates optimal learning environments, ultimately improving individual and team performance. The study highlights that effective HCM and strategic support are directly associated with esports skill development, providing actionable insights for universities and competitive teams aiming to maximize athlete potential.